Antecedentes. Existen publicaciones con respecto a la premedicación en el paciente pediátrico, así como numerosos estudios en los que se compara la efectividad entre fármacos, hasta el momento no hay investigaciones para determinar específicamente la influencia de la premedicación anestésica sobre la ocurrencia de eventos adversos en pacientes pediátricos. Objetivo: Analizar y comparar si se disminuye la frecuencia de eventos adversos en los pacientes que se premedican con midazolam vía oral. Material y métodos Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, aleatorizado donde se incluyeron pacientes pediátricos de 1 a 6 años, que se sometieron de manera electiva a cirugía en el Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo; se dividieron en dos grupos, al primer grupo se premedicó con midazolam vía oral 0.75 mg/Kg, al segundo no se le administró premedicación. Se registró si se presentó algún evento adverso durante el procedimiento anestésico y el tipo de evento. Resultados: Se estudiaron un total de 43 niños, los cuales se dividieron en dos grupos, grupo A (pacientes premedicados) y grupo B (pacientes no premedicados). Se observó una frecuencia alta de eventos adversos (51.2%), la mayoría en el grupo de pacientes no premedicados. Además, observamos que los no premedicados se complicaron en mayor proporción (63.6%). Conclusión: En la muestra de pacientes no se presentaron eventos adversos críticos, aunque el porcentaje de los eventos no críticos fue más alto. La presencia de eventos adversos del grupo de niños no premedicados duplico la de los que recibieron premedicación (63.6% Vs 35.4), aunque estadísticamente no hubo diferencia (p=0.131).
Background. There are publications regarding premedication in the pediatric patient, as well as numerous studies in which the effectiveness between drugs is compared, so far there is no research to specifically determine the influence of anesthetic premedication on the occurrence of adverse events in pediatric patients. Objective: To analyze and compare if the frequency of adverse events is decreased in patients who are premedicated with oral midazolam. Material and methods A prospective, randomized study was carried out, including pediatric patients from 1 to 6 years old, who underwent elective surgery at the Miguel Hidalgo Centennial Hospital; they were divided into two groups, the first group was premedicated with oral midazolam 0.75 mg / kg, the second was not administered premedication. It was recorded if any adverse event occurred during the anesthetic procedure and the type of event. Results: A total of 43 children were studied, which were divided into two groups, group A (premedicated patients) and group B (nonpremedicated patients). A high frequency of adverse events (51.2%) was observed, the majority in the group of non-premedicated patients. In addition, we observed that the non-premedicated were complicated in a greater proportion (63.6%). Conclusion: There were no critical adverse events in the patient sample, although the percentage of non-critical events was higher. The presence of adverse events in the group of non-premedicated children doubled that of those who received premedication (63.6% Vs 35.4), although statistically there was no difference (p = 0.131).
